Introduction
Chlorpropamide is an antidiabetic drug. It is a type 2 antidiabetic drug and used in treatment of diabetes mellitus. It entails triggering the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. By raising the number of receptors, it also improves the impact of insulin on the liver and promotes the use of peripheral glucose. BCS class of chlorpropamide is class 2 that is high permeability low solubility. 1, 2, 3, 4
Toxicity produced is hyperinsulinemia. The food interaction occurs due to alcohol consumption is facial flushing. The chlorpropamide is administered by oral route. The capacity of protein binding is 90%. It is soluble in organic solvent, practically insoluble in water at pH 7.3 the pka value of chlorpropamide is 5.0 at 20oC. Chlorpropamide stored at 20 to 25oC in well closed container. Chemical name is 4-chloro-N-(propylcarbonyl) benzene-sulfonamide. Trade name of chlorpropamide is Diabinese. Several researchers have focused on development and validation of chlorpropamide. The commonly used methods are UV spectrophotometric method and colorimetry. Using this method determine the maximum wavelength and absorbance of chlorpropamide. The purpose of this study is determining chlorpropamide in bulk and formulation, a UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated. 5, 6, 7, 8
Materials and Methods
Materials
The chemicals used for UV validation are drug Chlorpropamide purchased from YARROW CHEM. Lab. Pvt. Ltd. Methanol was purchased from LOBA chemicals.
Preparation of stock standard solution
The necessary quantity of chlorpropamide was dissolved in methanol to prepare a stock solution with a concentration of 100 mcg/ml. By serially diluting the stock solution, standard analyte solutions (10–60 mcg/ml) were prepared.
The Chlorpropamide stock solution 1.0 ml was transferred to a 10 ml volumetric flask and methanol was used to increase the volume to 10 ml. Similarly the concentrations of 2ml, 3ml, 4ml, 5ml, 6ml are prepared. By using UV/Visible spectrophotometer the baseline was corrected with blank.
The solution's absorbance was then compared to a blank sample at 580 nm. 9, 10, 11, 12
Colorimetric method development for determination of complex
Method validation
There are different parameters for method validation like Linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, etc.
Linearity
Linearity gives straight line graph. The linearity can be obtained by preparing six solutions of chlorpropamide of concentration 10,20,30,40, 50, 60 µg/ml respectively and analyzing them.
Accuracy
Accuracy gives exactness of measured value and true value. For accuracy evaluation the solution were reanalyzed by using proposed method.
Results and Disussion
Linearity
It is a graph of concentration vs absorbance. Linearity is a mathematical relationship between two variable quantities that are directly proportional to each other. Data of regression analysis is shown in following table.
Table 1
Linearity study of chlorpropamide
|
S.No. |
Concentration (µg) |
Absorbance () |
|
1 |
00 |
00 |
|
2 |
10 |
0.021 |
|
3 |
20 |
0.038 |
|
4 |
30 |
0.059 |
|
5 |
40 |
0.072 |
|
6 |
50 |
0.09 |
|
7 |
60 |
0.1 |
Table 2
Precision study
Accuracy
Accuracy is closeness between test result value and true value. The % RSD value that were determined and found to be 2.
Precision
It is reproducibility of results when the procedure performed repeatedly (like intraday and Inter day). It is measured in terms of %RSD. The test result of % RSD were found to be less than 2 and hence the method is precise.
Sensitivity
Sensitivity is measured in terms of Limits of quantification and detection Chlorpropamide's LOD and LOQ were determined to be 2.99 g and 8.89 g, respectively.
The peaks of all concentrations observed at 580nm & their absorbance are given in table.
Table 3
Absorbance of all 10-60 µg samples
|
S.No. |
Drug |
Conc. (µg) |
Abs |
|
1 |
|
10 |
-0.006 |
|
2 |
|
20 |
-0.007 |
|
3 |
|
30 |
-0.009 |
|
4 |
Chlorpropamide |
40 |
-0.008 |
|
5 |
|
50 |
0.004 |
|
6 |
|
60 |
0.009 |
Chlorpropamide shows UV absorbance 0.111 at 710nm. The method that was developed was based on the reaction of chlorpropamide, depending on its amino group, with SNP in an alkaline media to produce a coloured reaction product that could be seen at 710 nm. The reaction product's absorption spectrum is provided below.
Conclusion
Analytical method was used to establish the method for the determination of chlorpropamide. The procedure was validated and was discovered to be accurate, simple, precise, reproducible and simple. Therefore, the technique can be successfully applied to routine analysis of the chlorpropamide medicinal dosage form. The outcome showed that the selective spectrophotometric method for determining chlorpropamide has been developed successfully using SNP. The reliability of the outcome and simplicity of the suggested procedure are its distinguishing features. 13, 14, 15, 16